Legivoc - connecting law in a changing world

International audienceOn the Internet, legal information is a sum of national laws. Even in a changing world, law is culturally specific (nation -specific most of the time) and legal concepts only become meaningful when put in the context of a particular legal system. Legivoc aims to be a semantic interface between the subject of law of a State and the other spaces of legal information that it will be led to use. This project will consist of setting up a server of multilingual legal vocabularies from the European Union Member States legal systems, which will be freely available, for other uses via an application programming interface (API).Sur l'internet, l'information juridique disponible est essentiellement une somme de droits nationaux. Même dans un monde en mouvement, même en acceptant une approche globalisée, le droit est d'abord une affaire de cultures (de cultures nationales le plus souvent) et les concepts juridiques n'ont de sens qu'accompagné de l'environnement juridique auquel ils sont rattachés. Face à ce constat, Legivoc vise à être une interface sémantique entre le sujet de droit d'un État et les différents espaces d'informations juridiques qu'il sera amené à utiliser. Ce projet consistera d'abord à mettre en place un serveur de vocabulaires juridique multilingue de chacun des États membres de l'Union européenne

Aligning Legivoc Legal Vocabularies by Crowdsourcing

International audiencelegivoc is the first Internet-based platform dedicated to the diffusion, edition and alignment of legal vocabularies across countries. Funded in part by the European Commission and administered by the French Ministry of Justice, legivoc offers a seamless path for governments to disseminate their legal foundations and specify semantic bridges between them. We describe the general principles behind the legivoc framework and provide some ideas about its implementation , with a particular focus on the state-of-the-art tools it includes to help crowdsource the alignment of legal corpora together. 1 Introduction legivoc 1 (all in lower case) is an Internet-based database platform dedicated to the management of multiple legal information terminologies, with a particular focus on vocabularies and their alignments [4]. The system is designed to be used both interactively and also as an automated Web service, interoperable with other document management tools or international legislation or translation systems, via a dedicated Application Programing Interface (API). The main goals of legivoc are: (1) to provide access, within a unique framework and using a general formalism, to (ultimately) all the legal vocabularies of the Member States of the European Union; (2) to foster the use of best practices regarding the encoding of these vocabularies using Internet standards such as the Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) and Uniform Resource Identifier (URI); (3) to encourage the creation of alignment information between these vocabularies, helping provide bridges between judicial systems based on different laws and languages. The French Ministry of Justice spearheads the project, partly funded by the Euro-pean Commission and the Ministries of Justice of the Czech Republic, Spain, Finland, France, Italy and Luxembourg. ARMINES and MINES ParisTech are the lead scientific advisors and implementation specialists for the legivoc project. 1 http://legivoc.org (the site is open, although in an " alpha " version)

Legivoc – connecting laws in a changing world

On the Internet, legal information is a sum of national laws. Even in a changing world, law is culturally specific (nation-specific most of the time) and legal concepts only become meaningful when put in the context of a particular legal system. Legivoc aims to be a semantic interface between the subject of law of a State and the other spaces of legal information that it will be led to use. This project will consist of setting up a server of multilingual legal vocabularies from the European Union Member States legal systems, which will be freely available, for other uses via an application programming interface (API)

Bringing Theorem Proving to the (sonic) Masses

We explore the intersection of interactive theorem proving and digital signal processing through the use of web-based, rich interfaces. Traditionally, the barrier to entry to interactive theorem proving has been high.Provers are complex systems using obscure programming languages, and libraries may be underdocumented and use formalisms and notations far from the standard domain-specific practice. Thus, it doesn't come at a surprise that interactive theorem proving has seldom been explored in the the digital signal processing community.In previous work [1,2], we formalized several DSP tools and concepts using the Coq theorem prover [3]. [1] presents a simplified model Faust [4], a programming language tailored to audio DSP. The formalization allows to reason about Faust programs and prove typical properties like filter stability. In [2], we mechanized some theory of the Discrete Fourier Transform, following [5], and proving the main theorems. In our opinion, both developments are suitable as teaching material, either as an introduction to theorem proving or to students interested in DSP theory.However, in their current form, the student or reader must work with two versions of the document. The paper-and-ink version: which misses the interactive component of the theorem proving process, and the Coq proof scripts, that being plain text files usually miss convenient formatting and structure. This problem is also common in other teaching material (see for instance [6]), and while efforts to improve this situation have been made ([7] is one of the latest), the situation is still far from optimal, as most initiatives have been limited by implementation and platform choices.Our take on the problem --- inspired by the long tradition of interactive documents found in the computer music domain --- is to enrich the Coq document model to the full power of HTML5. Our goal is to have an integral solution, free of external components, so we have ported Coq to javascript, and we are writing a custom IDE for enriched proof documents.Thus, the once painful Coq installation and setup has become now a page load in the browser, document navigation and interaction can take advantage of browser support, and our documents can take advantage of most available JS libraries for extensibility. For instance, our model would allow to incorporate a javascript-based score like [8] and relate its output to a particular Coq datatype in a quite straightforward way.The primary design goal of the web-based user interface is supporting education and interactive papers, focusing on supporting excellent user feedback, comprehensive documentation search, and good notational/navigational facilities.The current prototype can be accessed at [9]. It supports full Coq functionality, but the user interface is still in heavy development. While support for the enriched document model won't likely be available at the time of this submission, the main technical difficulties of the development have been solved, thus we are confident on getting usable versions in the workshop timeframe

Discutindo a educação ambiental no cotidiano escolar: desenvolvimento de projetos na escola formação inicial e continuada de professores

A presente pesquisa buscou discutir como a Educação Ambiental (EA) vem sendo trabalhada, no Ensino Fundamental e como os docentes desta escola compreendem e vem inserindo a EA no cotidiano escolar., em uma escola estadual do município de Tangará da Serra/MT, Brasil. Para tanto, realizou-se entrevistas com os professores que fazem parte de um projeto interdisciplinar de EA na escola pesquisada. Verificou-se que o projeto da escola não vem conseguindo alcançar os objetivos propostos por: desconhecimento do mesmo, pelos professores; formação deficiente dos professores, não entendimento da EA como processo de ensino-aprendizagem, falta de recursos didáticos, planejamento inadequado das atividades. A partir dessa constatação, procurou-se debater a impossibilidade de tratar do tema fora do trabalho interdisciplinar, bem como, e principalmente, a importância de um estudo mais aprofundado de EA, vinculando teoria e prática, tanto na formação docente, como em projetos escolares, a fim de fugir do tradicional vínculo “EA e ecologia, lixo e horta”.Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educació

From the conception of a river "heritage value" to its tourism valorization : from Loire river to Niger river

La thèse analyse les modalités de la mise en tourisme d’un fleuve « patrimonialisé », la Loire, et ses prolongements potentiels au fleuve Niger au Mali. Dans un premier temps ce travail de recherche questionne, la construction du fleuve comme « objet » patrimonial, servant de support à un projet de valorisation touristique. La thèse analyse ensuite l’instrumentation de l’action publique associée à cette mise en tourisme et met en évidence les décalages existants entre le patrimoine mobilisé dans les processus de patrimonialisation et le patrimoine réellement valorisé. Dans un deuxième temps, la thèse analyse la construction du cadre institutionnel et spatial qui accompagne la valorisation touristique de ces fleuves. Sont ainsi mobilisées des logiques fonctionnelles qui sont ensuite confrontées à celles des territoires d’action. In fine la thèse met en exergue les difficultés à bâtir une ingénierie territoriale valorisant les logiques fonctionnelles difficilement perceptibles par les échelons d’action locaux, et discute du rôle des chefs d’orchestre potentiels.The thesis analyzes patterns of tourism development of a river "heritage value", the Loire, and Its Potential application on the Niger River in Mali. In a first time, focusing on the Loire river (France) and on the Niger river (Mali), this research regards the construction of the river as a “heritage object", serving to support a project to enhance tourism. The thesis then analyzes policies organization like tools for tourism development and highlights differences existing between heritage mobilized in the patrimonialization process and heritage truly valued in tourism. In a second step, the thesis discusses the construction of institutional and spatial framework accompanying the tourism development of these rivers. Different levels of functional logics are mobilized and compared with territories of action related to tourism development. Ultimately the thesis highlights the difficulties to build a territorial engineering based on functional spaces hardly perceptible for local administration, and discusses the role of policies conductors

Colonisation végétale des hydrosystèmes : application aux sites de Moïsan (40) et Cousseau (33)

3rd cycl

Etude WCET de programmes Faust avec a3

1. Motivation : Faust est un langage de programmation spécialisé dans la synthèse sonore temps-réel à des fins musicales et artistiques. L'utilisateur typique de Faust est un réalisateur en informatique musicale (RIM) pour qui l'informatique est un outil de travail essentiel, sans être sa discipline première. Avec Faust, un musicien peut créer de toute pièce des instruments logiciels ou des effets, en se concen-trant en premier lieu sur la facture instrumentale et les aspects esthétiques des traitements so-nores. Ces instruments ou effets vont être décrits sous forme d'un code source Faust. Par la suite, ce code est compilé et devient utilisable par les musiciens interprètes. Le compilateur Faust offre un vaste choix d'architectures matérielles ou logicielles pour son exécution. De cette façon, il est possible d'élaborer des chaînes de traitement sonores complexes où des composants décrits avec Faust interagissent avec des machines du commerce, des stations audio-numérique (DAW), etc.Par conception, l'implémentation la plus concrète des traitements audio-numériques est effectuée par le compilateur Faust. À l'origine, ce choix de conception a été motivé par l'observation empi-rique des algorithmes écrits « à la main » par des musiciens développeurs : les performances étaient généralement moindres que des algorithmes écrits par des experts. Par extension, les premiers travaux sur le langage Faust ont également mis en évidence qu'il est possible de générer des implémentations d'algorithmes de bonne facture et que seuls des experts confirmés pouvaient en améliorer les performances. Le langage Faust apporte donc un compromis pour rendre la créa-tion de traitements sonores accessibles aux néophytes tout en garantissant des performances accrues. On remarquera aussi que le critère de performance est particulièrement important à la vue des contraintes d'exécution temps-réel imposées par le concert.Au delà des observations constatées et d'une longue expérience d'oeuvres élaborées avec Faust et éprouvées dans des conditions réelles d'interprétation en public, qui donnent déjà un haut ni-veau de confiance dans la technologie, il est possible d'aller plus loin et de déterminer analytique-ment les performances d'un programme. En particulier, il est possible de calculer le temps d'exécu-tion d'un traitement sur une architecture définie.Calculer le temps exact d'exécution d'un programme est un problème indécidable. Aussi, une ap-proche approximative est nécessaire. Dans le cas présent, nous avons cherché à étudier les logi-ciels actuellement disponibles pour mesurer le WCET (Worst Case Execution Time) d'un programme , qui est une borne supérieure sur tous ses temps d'exécution possibles. Cette mesure est particulièrement pertinente pour un langage comme Faust, qui suit l'approche synchrone [2]. En effet, dans ce cas, les traitements effectués sont effectués par pas de temps réglés sur la fréquence d'échantillonnage ; ils doivent être terminés à la fin de chaque période, ce qui peut être assuré par un analyse WCET

Towards Aligning legivoc Legal Vocabularies by Crowdsourcing

International audienceLegivoc is the first Internet-based platform dedicated to the diffusion, edition and alignment of legal vocabularies across countries

jsCoq: Towards Hybrid Theorem Proving Interfaces

International audienceWe describe jsCoq, a new platform and user environment for the Coq interactive proof assistant. The jsCoq system targets the HTML5–ECMAScript 2015 specification, and it is typically run inside a standards-compliant browser, without the need of external servers or services. Targeting educational use, jsCoq allows the user to start interaction with proof scripts right away, thanks to its self-contained nature. Indeed, a full Coq environment is packed along the proof scripts, easing distribution and installation. Starting to use jsCoq is as easy as clicking on a link. The current release ships more than 10 popular Coq libraries, and supports popular books such as Software Foundations or Certified Programming with Dependent Types. The new target platform has opened up new interaction and display possibilities. It has also fostered the development of some new Coq-related technology. In particular, we have implemented a new serialization-based protocol for interaction with the proof assistant, as well as a new package format for library distribution